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Maintenance

Sol 5: Operations out in the snow

It’s been another snowy day here, although the temperature got up to 50 F and the snow is rapidly melting. We foresee mud in our futures!

Brian measuring the snow accumulation

Brian measuring the snow accumulation

This morning, our Internet service went out again. Brian and I suited up to go out and again knock snow off the satellite receiver. Rather than going through all the trouble of an EVA (getting our suits on, depressurizing the airlock, going out, coming back, re-pressurizing the airlock, and getting the suits off) just for that, we added some additional useful tasks to make the most of our time. We also planned to measure the length of coax cable that Mike needed for connecting the new, taller radio telescope; measure the depth of snow accumulation; clean the mud off the ATV tires and test their operation in the snow; and experiment with the “VOX” (voice-operated) radio setting (which does not require push-to-talk). While we were getting ready, the snow must have melted or fallen off on its own, because Internet access was restored; but we decided to proceed with our plans and accomplish our other goals regardless.

Kiri cleaning mud off the ATV tire

Kiri cleaning mud off the ATV tire

Outside, the whiteness was nearly blinding, even with sunglasses on. We discovered that we’d gotten 3 inches of snow from the storm yesterday! We cleaned off the ATV tires, inflated a few low tires, and then took the ATVs out for a spin in the Hab “parking lot” area. The snow was indeed a little slippery, but we found they felt okay if we went slow. More challenging was the fact that everything was unvaryingly white, making it very hard to tell where the ground sloped up or down or where rocks were; the diffuse light meant no shadows and no relief! We think we may be able to drive on nearby Lowell “Highway”, but probably not any of the side trails, where getting stuck would be quite likely and quite inconvenient.

Crew Jazzercise

Crew Jazzercise

We came back in and then everyone assembled for a pre-lunch Jazzercise session. This was a total blast! We folded up our dining table and laid five mats (normally used for padding under our sleeping bags) on the floor. Five mats because Luis has been feeling under the weather and instead alternated between operating the video camera and cheering us on. I put in the first Jazzercise DVD and we ran through several routines, stretching and jumping and kicking and breathless with laughter at how ridiculous we must look. (We’re wondering whether anyone was watching the webcams at that time!) We then sat down for some tortilla soup. Brian made tortilla chips by slicing tortillas and microwaving them — I didn’t know you could do that! They were nice and crunchy with the soup. Carla made a divine pear spice cake that was so good we can’t wait to have it after dinner as well.

Mike working on the radio telescope

Mike working on the radio telescope

After lunch, Mike and Carla went outside for another EVA to raise the south poles of the radio telescope (to 20 feet tall). They also installed the coax cables and checked the tension on the support lines. The frozen ground made adjusting some of the support lines impossible, so this will have to be done during a future EVA. As a reward for their hard work, they then constructed a custom Martian snowman with two heads. We could see them from the Hab porthole windows!

Carla and Mike built a Martian snowman!

Carla and Mike built a Martian snowman!

Meanwhile, The Viking-2 ATV has been inoperable for some time, so Darrel thought he would see about fixing it. Darrel removed Viking-2’s carburetor and he and Luis disassembled it for cleaning. They then boiled it on the stove in soapy water, scrubbed the pieces with a toothbrush, and boiled it in clean water. It is now drying and will be reassembled and tested later. Soon we may have four ATVs instead of three!

Carburetors aren’t the only things cooking in our kitchen tonight. Darrel previously cleaned out the breadmaker tray (which was, let us say, simply disgusting), and we currently have whole wheat bread with garlic and oregano baking. Brian is making fried tofu and couscous that jointly smell absolutely divine. Darrel, Mike, and Luis are outside doing engineering rounds. Apparently the clouds have rolled away and the moon and stars are putting on quite a show, so they also took a camera and tripod to capture some night shots.

With luck, we’ll all get our reports in early enough to watch another movie tonight. Anything would beat last night’s movie (“Stranded”). Really, *anything*!

Sol 4: Snow day!

Snow surrounding the Hab

Snow surrounding the Hab

We woke up to about 2 inches of snow on the ground, shrouding the red hills in a crisp blanket of white. Everyone wanted to pitch in for engineering rounds, to have an excuse to get outside! (We can check on the Green Hab, ATVs, and Musk Observatory “in sim” via marked rock paths that serve as “pressurized tunnels” so that we can reach those areas without donning a spacesuit.) But when we stepped out of the Engineering airlock, we discovered that the snow was still coming down and, entranced, we all scrambled up to the top of the Observatory ridge to see the view. White hills stretched out in all directions, and a soft, heavy silence hung over us—not oppressive, but hushed, as an indrawn breath before an exclamation of delight.

Concretions

Concretions

Carla, Brian, and Darrel pumped water into our water tank while Mike and I checked and started the ATVs (to keep them in good order). Then I went back up towards the Observatory, following a tip I’d seen that there were good examples of concretions in some of the rocks lining the path;
More concretions

More concretions

and sure enough, they were evident despite the snow, protruding from the bottom of overhangs and sprinkled everywhere! These are similar to the infamous “blueberries” that the Opportunity rover on Mars discovered, having formed by precipitation into dissolved-out pockets within porous sandstone.

We reluctantly went back inside and turned to our various individual tasks. Our EVA plans for the day were affected by the weather; just when we’d gained confidence on our ATVs, the snow now meant that for safety reasons we’d focus on pedestrian EVAs instead. Another side effect of the snow was that our internet connection (via satellite dish) went out at some point in the morning. However, this presented an opportunity as well: we decided to wait until an EVA crew could get outside and brush the snow off our receiver to (hopefully) restore connectivity without breaking sim to fix it.

In general, though, our whole pace slowed down a little, which was to many of us, I think, a welcome reprieve from the rush-rush-rush of the past three days. Luis, Carla, and Brian set out on an EVA to Candor Chasma, located to the east. More about that adventure in the next post, from Carla!

Living on Mars

Possibly the biggest challenge to living within a cylindrical habitat with five other people is adjusting to the fact that outside is considered hostile. There are no leisurely walks, no strolls through the park, and no lying in grass watching clouds drift by. To speak of it, there’s no grass to speak of! Aside from EVAs, which are more work-oriented than anything else, and engineering rounds (same thing), there isn’t any opportunity to get out of the Hab for any extended period of time.

So, we’ve gotten used to these surroundings in the few days that we’ve been here, especially the upper deck of the Hab. This is where most of the work gets done: filing reports at the end of each day, planning EVAs, cooking, eating, relaxing, and bonding as a team. The space is very multi-purpose, with the main central table serving as both a kitchen table and a workstation (or game table), the kitchen sitting right next to the main workbench, and it allows access to every other part of the Hab.

Our day, however, begins in the state rooms, each of which is composed of nothing more than a bunk and a small desk (and a few have installed shelving). For most of us, these state rooms are just for sleeping and storing anything we can’t leave out in the main room, although Brian and Carla do complete quite a bit of work in their larger rooms as benefit to being our Commander and XO, respectively. While my state room, pictured to the right, is quite messy, it’s more to allow access to anything I may need immediately, hence the spread of supplies on my desk.

After waking up and getting dressed, breakfast and a morning meeting are held around the central table. Breakfast usually consists of oatmeal or cereal, along with whatever dried fruits or nuts we decide to include. Today I had Honey Nut Cheerios with powdered milk, plus some raisins on the side, for those of you that were wondering…

Since we are in sim, the only time we can leave the Hab (aside from engineering rounds, which I’ll get too later) is while on EVA, or Extra-Vehicular Activity; those trips start in the EVA Prep Room, pictured to the right. Here is where we store everything that is needed for an EVA, at least everything that can be carried that isn’t specifically engineering related. During the suit-up procedure, the Marsonauts first put on their flight suits (hanging in the background). When we first arrived at MDRS, we tried on the suits until we found one that would fit, then Velcro-ed our mission patch and name tags onto our selected flight suits. They then don their boots and waders, along with their radios and headsets. At this point, their is usually also a com check between the Marsonauts and HabCom (the person who stays behind to communicate with those on the surface) before the suit-up procedure progresses. Once everything checks out, they then strap into their PLSS (Portable Life Support System), usually with the help of someone in the ready room. This backpack allows the EVA personnel to survive outside of the Hab as it filters and transfers breathable air to the helmet, which is put on next. A final check is made before the Marsonauts enter the airlock, where they must wait for five minutes for depressurization, before leaving the Hab and stepping out onto the surface. Once they return, this process is repeated in reverse, usually followed by a hot meal for the returning explorers.

During the day, a lot of the work is completed in the lower deck, which includes the EVA Prep Room, main airlock, Biology and Geology labs, engineering bay and airlock, as well as the bathroom and shower. Since our completed EVAs (four in total) haven’t been centered on either Biology and Geology, the main lab area (pictured) has mostly just been inventoried and cleaned by Luís, our Biologist. There is an EVA out currently that focuses on geology and geophysics, plus there is a planned EVA later today centered on biology, so this area will mostly likely being in use more for the rest of the mission. Darrel, our Engineer, is also using the area as an interior engineering bay and repair station for basically the entire Hab.

Speaking of engineering, the Hab also requires a power supply separate from the Hab and its vicinity. In a future Martian habitat, this power station will be much more than a diesel engine, so it needs to be separated from the Hab for the safety of the astronauts. During engineering rounds, Darrel and usually one other member of the crew (recently it has been either Kiri or Carla) check the power supply, batteries, ATVs, general Hab upkeep, Green Hab (which is both a greenhouse and a water recycling facility), and the various systems that are required in order to keep everything running smoothly. During a typical day, rounds are made in the morning (following the meeting) and at night before our mission support window opens at 2000 Local Time. This gives the engineer enough time to make the measurements and other checks, fix anything that needs fixing, and file a report so that (for any major problems), Mission Support can help troubleshoot things.

Once everyone is inside, the ATVs are shut down, the final rounds are made, and reports are filed, the rest of the day/night is for us. Usually that consists of preliminary planning sessions for the next day, eating the rest of the prepared dinner, and completing anything that couldn’t be completed during the day. Combusting cakes usually aren’t on the agenda, or if they were I wouldn’t know about them prior to, right?

All in all, just another day on Mars.

Sol 1: Into the great outdoors

Carla and Mike taking the ATVs out for a spin

Carla and Mike taking the ATVs out for a spin

Today was an ultra-productive day, composed of learning how things work, putting other things in order, and our first two in-simulation excursions outside the Hab (EVAs)! The sun came up dazzlingly bright and fixed a spotlight (through the large Hab porthole) on our post-breakfast crew planning meeting. We then split into two groups: one to do engineering rounds and one to fire up the ATVs for the first time. We used our “pressurized tunnel and garage” to access the ATVs without donning spacesuits. All was well with both the GreenHab and the ATVs. All three of the operational ATVs started with no trouble, and Brian, Luis, and I drove them around the yard in front of the Hab with gleeful bursts of energy, delighted to be outdoors. Afterward, Carla, Darrel, and Mike went out to try out the ATVs as well, and Brian and I spent some time in the EVA prep room sorting the mountain of gloves, hats, and boots into an ordered collection. Darrel then began tackling the task of bringing the fourth ATV, Viking-2, back to life (it has been inoperable for some time). Eventually Carla had the great idea to put together lunch, and soon we all sat down for some broccoli and cheddar soup with reconstituted corn and broccoli to bulk it up, and tortillas to dip in it. We even tried spreading some of the ghee we’d found in the Hab on the tortillas. Interesting. Not quite butter.

Carla (left) and Luis (right) climbing near Phobos Peak

Carla (left) and Luis (right) climbing near Phobos Peak

After lunch, Brian, Carla, and Luis set out on our crew’s first EVA. We spent a very long time (about 50 minutes) getting them ready, since we were all figuring out the suits for the first time. Once again, Crew 88’s excellent tips came in handy. The main lingering problem was that the helmets sit too far forward, and therefore rest on the crewmember’s head when worn. I’d brought two small bungee cords which we were able to use to rig the helmets up closer to the backpack frames, thereby lifting them off the crew’s heads—or at least Carla’s and Luis’s heads; Brian was left bungee-less. When finally suited up, they stepped into the airlock and waited five minutes for depressurization to complete.
Brian at the height of EVA 1

Brian at the height of EVA 1

Then they opened the outer Hab door, and stepped outside. The three of us left inside were with them in spirit, and just itching to be able to see what they saw! I served as HabCom, tracking their progress and letting them know when half of the planned 1-hour duration had elapsed, so they could start to make their way back. They hiked out toward Phobos Peak. In what seemed like no time, they returned to the Hab, and after cycling through the lock, I helped them de-suit and debrief.

Brian put together a Google Earth map of the EVA, including elevation and heartrate data:

2010-01-24_eva1

While Brian, Carla, and Luis were out on EVA #1, Darrel fixed a leak in the downstairs sink plumbing. He is extremely handy with every sort of tool and has been busy on multiple fronts, fixing anything that comes up.

Darrel (#3) and shadows of Kiri and Mike at sunset in front of Olympus Mons

Darrel and the shadows of Kiri and Mike, near Olympus Mons

Next, Darrel, Mike, and I suited up for EVA #2. This time getting into the suits went much quicker, although we still had to fiddle with the bungee cords. I stuck a rock hammer in my belt and borrowed Brian’s GPS-tagging camera to chronicle our expedition. We headed off north to Olympus Mons, trekking through soft, squishy red dirt and slipping in the muddy spots. No falls, though! We crossed a variety of alluvial areas, including drainage plains littered with angular rocks. It was an eerie sort of hike, entirely silent except for the rush of the air being pumped into the helmet, my own breathing, and the occasional squawk of the radios we carried.
Kiri and Mike heading home from Olympus Mons

Kiri (#4) and Mike (#5) heading home from Olympus Mons

We paused partway to climb up onto an outcrop of stronger, pale yellow conglomerate, where Darrel used the rock hammer to split open a rock and collect a sample. The rich red mud rolled up and down, and we toiled along with it, hopping over several small channels. The colors, especially since we were near sunset, were just indescribable—beauty in all directions. At the foot of Olympus Mons, we took pictures next to a huge boulder. HabCom then notified us that we’d been out for 30 minutes and should head back home. It was starting to get really hard to see, as my helmet was fogging up, but I found that if I turned my head to the side and looked slantwise where I was going, I could see around the foggy area. Darrel suggested a “short cut” (no mushrooms, sadly) and we hiked up a steep hill on the snowy north face. The snowy regions turned out to be much easier to walk on, because not only did the crusty snow give our boots purchase, but the ground underneath was frozen rather than being soft slippery mud as on the south faces. We crested the hill and found we weren’t quite where we expected… so dropped back down to the plain and, a few minutes later, spied the white cylinder of our home away from home.

And here’s a map of EVA 2:

2010-01-24_eva2

On our return, Brian helped us get out of our suits, and then we were delighted to climb upstairs and be met with some absolutely delicious smells from the kitchen! But before eating, engineering rounds had to be done; so we pumped water from the external tank into our internal tank, checked the GreenHab, and refueled and covered the ATVs. How delighted we were to sit down to spicy arrabiata pasta with sausage, cheddar-garlic biscuits, and punch to drink. And really, I mean absolutely delicious! And a wonderful way to celebrate a fantastic, action-filled day at MDRS. I couldn’t ask for more awesome, fun, reliable, skilled, and just generally impressive crewmates!

Totally awesome dinner

Totally awesome dinner